新世紀以來，隨着中國哲學社會科學事業的不斷繁榮發展，尤其是其評價體系不斷完善和評價工作越益受到重視，我在內地參加人文社科各種成果評獎已逐漸成為一種常態，但受邀參評澳門特別行政區的成果，尚屬首次。本人倍感榮幸，感慨良多。
受陰晴不定的新冠疫情影響，第六屆澳門人文社會科學研究優秀成果獎活動預定的評審時間、地點、方式等，不得不數次變更調整，最終在大家的共同努力下順利完成，真可謂好事多磨。或許在迄今六屆澳門人文社科研究優秀成果獎活動中，本次評獎是前所未有的最具“疫情特色”的一屆，但願這也是“後無來者”的唯一一屆。
儘管本屆評獎充滿“變”的意味，本質上卻有諸多“不變”。例如，人文社會科學的評獎標準始終未變，嚴謹規範的評獎程序（哪怕一次發言、一個簽名、一次表決等）始終未變，組織者和評委們公正無私的科學態度和敬業精神始終未變，等等。換言之，新冠疫情給評審活動帶來的只是表面上的“形式之變”，而力求實現公開公正科學評審的內在本質則始終未變。
本組參評成果涉及政治學、法學、新聞學、社會學四大學科領域，成果形式包括中外文的論文類和著作類。成果立足中國國情尤其是澳門的歷史文化社會實際，研究空間涉及中國與世界、中國內地與港澳台地區、世界的有關國家等，研究方法則是多種多樣，充分展示了新時代澳門政治學、法學、新聞學、社會學研究的整體品質和最好水準。
面對本組多學科、多數量、高水準、好品質的參評成果而獲獎名額又十分有限的現狀，我們評委能做的：一是堅持品質第一，盡可能實現實體正義；二是堅持程序公正，盡可能避免程序瑕疵；三是堅持結果相對公平，統籌考慮、合理兼顧不同學科、不同研究內容等多種因素，盡可能做到相對公平。儘管我們力圖竭盡所能地做好本次評審工作，但無論是就評審標準、過程還是結果而言，仍存有某些不盡如人意之處。希望活動組織方能夠全面總結本屆評審工作，有針對性地不斷優化評審制度和程序。
踏上全面建設社會主義現代化國家新征程，中國式現代化全面推進中華民族偉大復興的歷史進程，必將給中國人文社會科學研究帶來更多契機和強大推動力。我們熱切期待澳門人文社會科學研究更加繁榮發展，不斷取得更多更好的豐碩成果。
This book explores the characteristics of casino capitalism in Macau under Chinese sovereignty and administration. It argues that casino capitalism propelled the region’s economic prosperity and social stability from 2002 to 2019. Yet casino capitalism also brings negative social impacts. China has encouraged Macau to shift from its overdependence on casino capitalism to economic diversification and integration with the Greater Bay Area. However, the path of economic diversification is destined to be long and difficult.
Background: In the face of the global pandemic of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), people’s adherence to precautionary behavioral measures (e.g. social distancing) largely influences the effectiveness of those measures in containing the spread of the coronavirus. The present study aims at testing the applicability of the health belief model (HBM) and generalised social beliefs (i.e. social axioms) to explore strategies for promoting adherence to COVID-19 precautionary measures.
Methods: We conducted a telephone survey with a two-step stratified random sampling method and obtained a probability sample of 616 adults in Macao, China (18–87 years old; 60.9% women) in April 2020.
Results: Our participants showed stronger adherence to some COVID-19 precautionary measures (e.g. face mask wearing; 96.4%) but not others (e.g. social distancing; 42.3%). Their adherence to those measures was found to be significantly associated with four HBM factors and two social axioms, after controlling for gender, age, and years of education.
Conclusions: The HBM and the generalised social beliefs of social cynicism and reward for application can be applied to understanding adherence to precautionary measures against COVID-19. Strategies based on beliefs were proposed to facilitate the promotion of precautionary measures.
本書為一項大型澳門社會入戶調查的成果，歷經五年進行抽樣調查和訪談，以更好地了解澳門社會的發展和變化。調查通過多階段分層聚類概率比例的抽樣方法，內容涵蓋澳門社會的各個方面，包括社會分層、移民、家庭轉型、身份認同、生理與心理健康、價值觀念、成癮和犯罪行為、博彩和旅遊業的影響等。結果發現存在的社會問題主要有公共交通資源缺乏、產業結構單一、貧富分化，以及全民教育程度尚未達到世界發達地區水準等。
Background and aims: Internet gaming disorder (IGD) has been mainly studied among adolescents, and no research to date has examined its prevalence in general Chinese adult populations. This study estimated the prevalence of probable IGD in community-dwelling adults in Macao, China. Associations between IGD and psychological distress (i.e., depression and anxiety) as well as IGD and character strength (i.e., psychological resilience and purpose in life) were also tested.
Methods: A random, representative sample of 1,000 Chinese residents (44% males; mean age = 40.0) was surveyed using a telephone poll design from October to November 2016.
Results: The estimated prevalence of probable IGD was 2.0% of the overall sample and 4.3% among the recent gamers (n = 473), with no statistically significant sex and age effects observed (p > .05). The two most prevalent IGD symptoms were mood modification and continued engagement, despite negative consequences. Probable IGD respondents were more vulnerable to psychological distress (25.0% and 45.0% for moderate or above levels of depression and anxiety, respectively) than their non-IGD counterparts. They also reported a lower level of psychological resilience than non-IGD respondents. No significant buffering effect of the two character strength variables on the distress–IGD relationship was found.
Discussion and conclusions: These results provide empirical evidence that IGD is a mental health threat not only to adolescents but also to adults. IGD was significantly associated with psychological distress, which should be addressed in conjunction with IGD symptoms in interventions. Inclusion of gamers of both sexes and different age groups in future prevention programs is also recommended.
This book provides an essential overview of trade between Brazil and China, analyses the regulatory framework for Brazil’s foodstuff exportation and China’s foodstuff importation, and identifies the main products, market shares, and e-commerce strategies etc. In addition, based on the statistics for Brazil’s food exports to Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau as separate customs areas, the book explores the role of Macau and calls for intensifying its links with Portuguese-speaking countries, including Brazil.
本書從“一國兩制”理論着手，系統梳理次國家行為體對外關係理論，分析其對外事務權的獨特性質，提出澳門對外關係屬於授權的對外交往模式。同時以此為分析框架，總結回歸以來澳門取得的對外關係成效，深入分析其在中國外交策略上的作用，進一步剖析當前特區對外交往中的兩大理論問題，試圖更明確界定澳門在中國總體外交中的定位和作用。最後以澳門“遠交近融”的對外關係戰略，嘗試就外部勢力介入進行探討，並提出相應的政策建議。
本書通過梳理《澳門基本法》起草工作有關的文獻資料以及起草委員會委員“口述歷史”的訪談記錄，呈現《澳門基本法》的整個制定過程，包括起草委員會委員們的工作過程、條文草擬的不同階段以及各種討論意見等，闡明《澳門基本法》的立法原意，有助於澳門特別行政區全面準確地理解和實施《澳門基本法》，使“一國兩制”在澳門特別行政區的實踐不變形、不走樣。
Objective: Household theory of labour migration assumes that the decision to work in another country is a family’s strategy to improve prospects of socio-economic mobility. We inquired into the social cognitive processes associated with this goal by applying model of pathways to socio-economic mobility, but extending the types of causal conceptions related to social mobility that are considered important in the Philippine context.
Method: We surveyed 246 Filipino migrant workers in Macau, who answered questions about perceptions of the socio-economic status of their family (before they worked abroad, presently, and 10 years after), socio-economic mobility causal conceptions (merit, luck, faith in God, social networks), and goal-attainment strategies (goal engagement, goal disengagement).
Results: Migrant workers expect improved socio-economic status of their families compared to before, and they expect further improvement after 10 years. They endorsed faith in God and meritocracy as important causal factors to mobility. Path analysis indicated two pathways to socio-economic mobility expectations: (1) engagement- promoting pathway—involving faith in God and meritocracy as causal conceptions related to goal engagement, and higher socio-economic mobility expectations and (2) disengagement-promoting pathway—involving luck as causal conception related to goal disengagement, and lower socio-economic mobility expectations. Conclusion: Although working abroad is fraught with uncertainties, Filipino migrant workers aspire for upward socio-economic mobility for their families, which they seek to attain by working hard and persistence, which in turn relate to causal conceptions of mobility that involve controllable factors.
Macao, China’s only city with legalized casinos, has maintained a high prevalence of gambling participation and gambling disorder (GD) over the past decade. The mental health risks associated with such high levels have been overlooked. In order to estimate the comorbid prevalence of GD with depression, anxiety, and Internet gaming disorder (IGD) and to explore the potential buffering effect of psychological resilience and purpose in life, this study obtained a representative adult Chinese sample (N = 1000, 44% male, aged 18–97 years) from a telephone survey conducted between October and November of 2016. As hypothesized, the highest psychiatric comorbid prevalence was observed in the GD subgroup (n = 19, 21.1% probable IGD, 26.3% probable depression, and 37.0% probable anxiety). All these mental health problems could increase one’s proclivity to GD, and vice versa. Psychological resilience was found to buffer the association between anxiety symptoms and probable GD (X2 (1) = 4.30, p = 0.04/GD symptoms, Fchange (1,162) = 6.29, p = 0.01), whereas purpose in life did not display any hypothesized moderating effect. These results indicate the usefulness of mental health screening for GD, taking into consideration its associated risks, and of fostering psychological resilience in prevention and treatment programs.
Drawing on data derived from WeChat and the life experiences of its users, this study explores the daily affordances of WeChat in the cross-border lives of dual migrants from the Chinese mainland. In this study, 24 low-skilled Chinese dual migrants from the mainland who were working as security guards and cleaners were recruited to participate in in-depth interviews and group discussions. The lives of these dual migrants are marked politically, socially, and economically by their vulnerable status and by the stresses and vicissitudes that characterize their daily commute between Zhuhai (their place of residence) and Macao (their place of work). Dual migrants from the Chinese mainland use electronic media for support, pleasure, and access to information. One of the main online platforms they utilize is WeChat, a social networking site that is available on mobile phones. By framing these dual migrants’ usage of WeChat within the affordances of social media, this social networking site functions as a digital mediated space that provides migrants with communal solidarity, social interaction, access to information, and, in some cases, economic benefits.
Studying typhoon risk perception and its influencing factors help reveal potential risk factors from the perspective of the public and provide a basis for decision-making for reducing the risk of typhoon disasters. The purpose of this study is to assess the risk perception and related factors of Macao residents in China. Information was collected from 983 participants using a structured questionnaire with an e ective utilization rate of 94.2%. Descriptive statistics, univariate analysis and correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. The results show that, on the one hand, there are significant di erences in risk perception on the factors included: (1) age, education and other demographic characteristics; (2) health status, occupation, length of stay, residence area, residence floor, family organization structure and individuals monthly income and other personal or family conditions; (3) channels and quantity of typhoon information acquisition; (4) degree of mastery of relevant risk aversion knowledge. On the other hand, some factors still have a moderate or high level of correlation with risk perception: (1) The older the respondent, the lower the education level, the lower the income, the lower the risk perception of property damage, health impact and life threat. (2) The more children or elderly people in the family, the higher the risk perception of respondents. (3) The more risk knowledge, the lower the risk perception. (4) The more channels for obtaining information, the lower the fear level and the overall impact of risk perception. (5) The stronger the risk perception, the more positive disaster response behaviors would be taken by the public. In addition, the more information acquisition channels and the less risk knowledge respondents have, the greater the risk perception of the overall impact and the fear of the typhoon; the fewer information access channels and less risk knowledge respondents have, the greater the risk perceptions of property damage, health e ects and life threats.
