第2期(總第52期) “一國兩制”研究 lssue 2 2024年10月 Journal of One Country Two Systems Studies Oct, 202464 澳門法院履行“維護特區憲制”責任的實踐——基於澳門法院裁判文書的實證分析*劉夢妮 葉海波1摘 要:特別行政區法院在司法裁判中適用憲法和基本法,是其履行維護特別行政區憲制這一責任的具體表現。通過分析澳門法院的涉憲法和涉基本法裁判可知,澳門法院在審理案件時始終保持堅決維護特區憲制之立場,且在憲法和基本法的運用上呈現出自身特點,但也存在缺乏援用標準、引用憲法進行論證說理不夠充分等問題。為此,有必要在明確憲法援用標準的基礎之上,鼓勵法院增加援用憲法進行論證和說理的頻率;落實愛國者標準確保愛國者治澳,加強憲法和基本法理論學習和豐富實踐訓練,提升法官的憲法、基本法素養;同時還要兼顧必要性與合理性,把握好特區法院與全國人大及其常委會,以及法院與特區政府、立法機關之間的關係。關鍵詞:澳門法院 特別行政區憲制 法院裁判The Practice of Macao Courts in Safeguarding the Constitutional System of the Special Administrative Region: Based on the Analysis of the JudgmentsLIU Mengni1, YE Haibo2(1 Law School, Shenzhen University; 2 Center for Basic Law of HongKong and Macau Special Administrative Region, Shenzhen University)Abstract: Citing the Constitution and the Basic Law in judicial decisions is a concrete manifestation of the courts’ responsibility to safeguard the constitutional system of the SAR. Judging from the judgments, the Macao courts have always maintained a firm stand of safeguarding the constitutional system of the SAR in the trial and have formed their own characteristics. But there are also problems such as lack of reference standards and insufficient reasoning based on the Constitution. It is necessary to clarify the reference standards of the Constitution, implement the patriot standards and promote the ability of argumentation and reasoning, and properly handle the relationship between the courts and other official organs.Keywords: courts in Macao, the constitutional system of the SAR, the judgments* 本文係國家社科基金一般項目“香港`客卿'司法的實證研究"(項目編號:20BFX078)的階段性研究成果。收稿日期:2024年7月1日 作者簡介: 劉夢妮,深圳大學法學院博士後;葉海波,深圳大學港澳基本法研究中心教授,博士生導師