Macau and its Neighbors toward the 21st Century - 在線閱讀

MACAUANDITSNEIGHBORSTOWARDTHE21stCENTURYProceedingsoftheinternationalsymposiumorganizedbytheFacultyofSocialSciencesandHumanitiesattheUniversityofMacau2-3June1997Editedby:RufinoRamosJoséRochaDinisRexWilsonD.Y.YuanUniversityofMacauandMacauFoundation

Title:Editors:Publisher:CoverDesign:Production:Printer:MacauandltsNeighborstowardthe21stCenturyRufinoRamosRexWilsonJoséRochaDinisD.Y.YuanPublicationsCenter,UniversityofMacauMacauFoundationHenriqueCastilho,Jr.luManSam,DeborahCéliaBrásLeongUtKam,TeresaWelfarePrintingCompanyLimited,MacauDateofPublication:December1998CopyRun:ISBN:2,000975-97631-9-4ii

CONTENTSForewordDr.JorgeA.H.Rangel,SecretaryforPublicAdministration,Education,andYouth,GovernmentofMacaúOpeningaddressProf.Dr.M.NascimentoFerreira,Rector,UniversityofMacauAddressofwelcomeDr.AntónioRodrigues,Junior,President,MacauFoundationClosingaddressProf.ZhouLi-gao,ViceRector,UniversityofMacaulntroductionMacauanditsneighborstowardthe21stCentury:AnintroductionDr.RufinoRamos,Administrator,UniversityofMacauPopulation,migration,andurbanizationHongKonger'sperceptionofnewmigrantsfrommainlandChinaAlbertWai-lapChau,Chi-yueChiu,andLouiseH.Y.Foo,DepartmentofPsycho/ogy,UniversityofHongKongProjectionsofMacau'spopulationandtheirimplicationsDuanChengrong,People'sUniversityofChina,Beijing,PRCGuoZhigang,lnstituteofPopulationResearch,Peop/e'sUniversityofChina,Beijing,PRCTherecentChinesemigrationfromMacau,HongKong,andmainlandChinatoTaiwanHong-chinTsai,DepartmentofAgricultura/Extension,NationalTaiwanUniversitylntercensalpopulationchangesinMacau,1981,1991and1996FatimaChoi,MacauCensusandStatisticsDepartmentKouChinPang,MacauCensusandStatisticsDepartmentTraditionandurbanizationinthePearlRiverDeltaMaGuoqing,lnstituteofSociologyandAnthropology,PekingUniversity,Beijing,PRCiiiixxixiiiXV313273745

SpaceandimageryinHongKong'slandscapeatatimeoftransition51BruceTaylor,TheOpenUniversityofHongKongFilipinomigrantworkersinHongKong:Plansandpreparationsforthehand-over59E/enaL.Samonte,DepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofthePhilippines,DilimanDivisionoflaboramongChineseinMacau:Astudyofthesignificantage-sexeffectsofimmigrationD.Y.Yuan,FacultyofSocialSciencesandHumanities,UniversityofMacauPopulationchangeinGuangdongZhouGuangfu,lnstituteofPopulationResearch,ZhongshanUniversity,Guangzhou,PRCTechnologicaladvancementLayingthefoundationforthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinMacauluVaiPan,FacultyofScienceandTechnology,UniversityofMacauChenWeiJi,FacultyofScienceandTechnology,UniversityofMacauTechnology,work,andthestructureofemploymentinMacauEricChao,SchoolofBusiness,MacauPolytechniclnstituteRaymondChan,SchoolofBusiness,MacauPolytechniclnstitutePoliticalandlegaltransitionAperspectiveonlocalizationversuscontinuityattheUniversityofMacauManuelM.EscovarTrigo,FacultyofLaw,UniversityofMacauAcomparisonoftherolesplayedbyHongKongandMacauinSino-EuropeanrelationsLiuBolong,FacultyofSocialSciencesandHumanities,UniversityofMacauEconomictrends71798591101107AcomparativestudyoftheeconomicdevelopmentofShenzhenandHongKong113LiuYao,CollegeofManagement,ShenzhenUniversity,PRCEconomiccooperationbetweenMacau-ZhuhaiandHongKong-Shenzhen123WangZhenzhong,lnstituteofEconomics,ChineseAcademyofSocialSciences,Beijing,PRCiv

AcomparativestudyoftaxationinChinaandMacauZhangFuqiang,GuangdongAcademyofSocialSciences,PRCTheeconomicdevelopmentofGuangdong,HongKongandMacauleongWanChong,CentreforPre-UniversityStudies,UniversityofMacauBeyondorganizeddependence:Astudyofworkers'livelihoodandroleperceptioninGuangzhouKa-hoMok,DepartmentofPublicandSocialAdministration,CityUniversityofHongKongWai-lunChow,DepartmentofPublicandSocialAdministration,CityUniversityofHongKongAnopiniononthechoiceoftheleadingsectorinMacau'scurrenteconomicdevelopmentFangYi-tao,ResearchlnstituteofHongKongandMacau,ZhongshanUniversity,Guangzhou,PRCMacau'ssocietyandeconomy:Anessayonpoliticaleconomy,socialchangeandprospectsJeanBerlie(HanLin)lncreasingforeigntradeandinvestmentinGuangzhouSuiGuangjun,lnstituteofResearchonEconomyofSEZs,HongKong,andMacau,JinanUniversity,Guangzhou,PRCProspectsoftheGuangzhou-HongKong-MacaueconomicareaFengXiaoyun,lnstituteofResearchonEconomyofSEZs,HongKong,andMacau,JinanUniversity,Guangzhou,PRCSeizetheopportunity,welcomethechallenge:EconomiccooperationbetweenZhuhaiandMacauLuGuiyuan,ZhuhaiMunicipalEconomicsSocietyEducationaltrendsEducationandpoliticaltransitioninHongKongandMacau:AcomparativeanalysisMarkBray,ComparativeEducationResearchCentre,TheUniversityofHongKongV129141147165171183189195199

AnhistoriealternativeforhighereducationinGuangdong,HongKongandMacau211inthe21stcenturyYangYiyi,lnstituteofHigherEducation,ShenzhenUníversity,PRCZhangXiangyun,lnstituteofHígherEducatíon,ShenzhenUníversíty,PRCLiuYi,lnstituteofHígherEducatíon,ShenzhenUniversity,PRCThedevelopmentofeducationinMacau221TangKwokChun,DepartmentofEducation,TheUniversityofHongKongReformingbasiceducationinMacau239SouChioFai,DepartmentofEducationandYouth,GovernmentofMacauWhatshoulduniversitiesdo?Challengesnowandinthecenturytocome245PeterBaehr,DepartmentofSociology,BaptistUniversityofHongKongandMemorialUniversityofNewfoundland,CanadaUsingtheInternetasatoolinaresource-basedlearningenvironment:Acase251studyoftheUniversityofMacauWuShezhang,FacultyofSocialSciencesandHumanities,UníversityofMacauProfessionaleducationandqualifications:lssuesintheapproachto1997JosephY.S.Cheng,ContemporaryChinaResearchCentre,CityUniversityofHongKongSocialandculturalchange267Mediatingculturalldentities:ThreeMacanesewomeninthetransition287lanE.Watts,DepartmentofPortugueseandBrazi/ianStudies,BrownUniversity,USAThehospitableenvironmentforbusinesstravellersinMacau299AlianaLeongManWai,UniversityofMacau/anChaplin,lnstituteofTourismEducation,MacauProgressionorretrogression?ThepreservationanddevelopmentofMacau's307culturalidentityGaryM.C.Ngai,MacauCulturallnstituteChurch-staterelationsinthedecolonizationperiodinHongKongandMacau311BeatriceLeung,DepartmentofPoliticsandSociology,LingnanCollege,HongKongOnehundredandfiftyyearsofMacau'sachievements327S.M.Adams,FacultyofSocialSciencesandHumanities,UniversityofMacauvi

sonsofMacau:CulturalidentityinMacaneseliteratureasviewedthroughPatois333dramasWongChon,Facu/tyofSocialSciencesandHumanities,UniversityofMacauThestrategyofthedevelopmentofMacau'smasscommunicationsinthenewera343YinDegang,Facu/tyofSocialSciencesandHumanities,UniversityofMacauandFudanUniversity,ShanghaiAppendix:Conferencesessions,sessionconveners,andphotographsoftheconferencevii351

FOREWORDTheUniversityofMacauhasgiventimelyandvaluablecontinuitytothesymposiumMacauand/tsNeighborsinTransitionthatonMarch1996gathereddozensofqualifiedexpertsandraisedsignificantinterestamongacademics.lntheinternationalconferenceheldinJune1997,thewiderangeoftopicsconsidered,namely,populationandurbanization,technologicaladvancements,theeconomy,education,andthesocialandculturalaspectsofsociety,werepresentedintheperspectiveofthetwenty-firstcenturyandofthefirstfiftyyearsoftheMacauSpecialAdministrativeRegion.Recognizingthedifferencesthatcharacterizetheidentityofthecommunitiespresentinthisgeographicregion,itisnecessarytofindcreativesolutionstotheproblemsarisingfromrelationsamongneighborsandtheirinterdependence,seekingtoestablishacooperativeinvolvementatallleveis.TheZhuhaiandShenzhenSpecialEconomicZonesconstitute,alongwiththeHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegionandthefutureMacauS.A.R.,averyimportantmetropolitanareainsouthernChina,withresponsibilitiesandaspirationsthatextendfarbeyondthePearlRiverDelta.Thisvolumeincludesthirty-ninepapersthatallowadifferentperspectiveofthepotentialsandspecificcharacterofMacauanditsneighboringregions,reflectingonsomeoftheworriesthatallofusshareinthecreationofabettersocietyandinthefaceofthemultiplechallengesofthecomingcentury.TheFacultyofSocialSciencesandHumanitiesoftheUniversityofMacauandtheMacauFoundationmakearelevantcontributiontocultureandresearchbypromulgatingthisvaluableanddiversecollectionofstudies,withcarefulselectionandcompilationbyDr.D.Y.Yuan,thethenDeanofthefaculty.Macau,May1998Dr.JorgeA.H.RangelSecretaryforPublicAdministration,Education,andYouthGovernmentofMacauix

OPENINGADDRESSProf.Dr.MárioNascimentoFerreiraRector,UniversityofMacau1amverypleasedtomeetwithyoutodayandtogivetheopeningaddressforthisseminaronMacauanditsneighborsintransition,whichisorganizedbytheUniversityofMacauthroughtheFacultyofSocialSciencesandHumanitiesandsponsoredbytheMacauFoundation.1wishtowelcomealithedistinguishedparticipantsandorganizers(scientists,scholars,andacademicleaders)fromtheinstitutionsofhighereducationhererepresentedfromBeijing,HongKong,Guangzhou,Taiwan,thePhilippines,TheUnitedStates,andMacau.Themutualexchangeandsharingofyourknowledgeandexperienceinsomanyareasofstudy(Macaupopulation,therecentmigrationofChineseinthePacificbasin,traditionandurbaniza-tion,economictrends,technologicaladvancement,education,politicalandlegaltransition,socialandculturalchangesinMacau)willcertainlyengendermorepossibilitiesforlookingforwardtoaPearlRiverDeltaregionthatismoredevelopedandwhosepeopleenjoyabetterqualityoflife.lnourtimes,itisataskforouruniversitiestoplayanimportantroleattheinterfacebetweendifferentdisciplinesandsocietyinordertowelcomethefutureandgiveflexibilitytorespondintimescalesofmonthsratherthanyears.WeareawarethatintheAsia-Pacificregion,governmentsaresupportinggreatercooperationandinteractionamongeminentinstitutionsofhighereducationforbetterintegrationofresearchanddevelopmentprojects.TheUniversityofMacauishappytohavethisopportunitytointeractwithsomanyparticipantsinordertobettershapeitsprogramstotherealneedsofMacau,andtoexpandourvisiontothelargerareaofwhichweareapart.Thesearegoodreasonsjustifyingourpresenceheretoday.AsIconcludemybriefremarks,1onceagainexpressmyheartfeltthankstoourdistinguishedguestsforgracinguswithyourpresence.June2,1997xi

ADDRESSOFWELCOMEDr.AntónioRodrigues,JuniorPresident,MacauFoundationProf.Dr.NascimentoFerreira,Rector,UniversityofMacau,Distinguishedguests,Dearfriendsandcolleagues,Ladiesandgentlemen,OnbehalfoftheMacauFoundationIextendawarmwelcometoalilhescholarswhohavecometodaytotheUniversityofMacautoparticipateinthisinternationalsymposiumonMacauanditsneighboringareas.TheacademicsfromMacauandmanyotherplaceshavetoiledhardtobringtheirvaluablecontributionstothissymposium.ltismywishthatthissymposium,likethoseofpreviousyears,willadvanceacademicexcellenceandhelptopromoteamoreperfectunderstandingbetweenthepeoplesofdifferentlands.ltisfittingthatsuchmeetingsbeconvenedbytheUniversityofMacau-theleadingacademicinstitutioninaterritorythathasbeenamajorpointofcontactbetweenculturesforoverfourcenturies.TheMacauFoundationhasbeenasponsorofthisseriesofinternationalsymposiaonMacaustudiessinceitsbeginningin1990.Thefirstthreesymposiaheldin1990,1992,and1993mainlyfocusedonMacau'spopulation,citygrowth,socioeconomicdevelopment,andstandardofliving.1amverypleasedtoknowthatlhesymposiumbeginningtodayonMacauanditsneighborstowardthetwenty-firstcentury,togetherwithlastyear'ssymposiumonMacauanditsneighborsintransition,havewidenedthisareaofstudy.ThepresentperiodisaverysignificantoneforMacauasthecomingtransitionofsovereigntyfromPortugaltoChinacomesneartheendoflhetwentiethcentury.Throughacademicencounterssuchasthisonebeginningtoday,theUniversityofMacaucanhelpensurethatlhebenefitsMacauhasenjoyedasacrossroadofcultureswillendureintolhetwenty-firstcentury.Again,itisaprivilegeformetohavethisopportunitytowelcomelhescholarsnotonlyfromMacaubutalsofrommainlandChina,HongKong,thePhilippines,Taiwan,lheUnitedStates,andCanada.1hopeyourdiscussionswillbefruitful.June2,1997xiii

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